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(No Model.) A 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

. .A. 0.- GRANGER. APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING ILLUMINATING GAS.

No. 297,988. Patented Mayfi, 1884,-

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(No Mode 1.) A A A 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. A- GRANGER.

APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING ILLUMINATING GAS.

No. 297,988 Patented May 6,1884. 4

:jabigag UNTTET) STATES PATENT FFICE;

ARTHUR O. GRANGER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO A. O. GRANGER & (30., OF SAME PLACE.

APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING LLUiVllNATlNG-GAS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 297,988, dated lway 6, 1884.

' Application filed June 25, 1883. (No model.)

T at whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR O. GRANGER, of the city of Philadelphia, county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented an Improvement in Apparatus for Manufacturing Illuminating-Gas, of which the following is a specification.

My invention has reference to apparatus for p the manufacture of illuminating-gas; and it IO consists in combining a generator having air and steam pipes, a fixing-chamber, a valved chimney-flue, and water-sealed gas-outlet from said fixing-chamber, a flue connecting said fixing-chamber with said generator, a carburetor or oil-vaporizer, and flues connecting said carburetor with said generator and fixingchamber, and in' minor improvements, all of which are fully set forth in the following specification and shown in the accompanying draw:

ings, which form part thereof.

Heretofore it has been-customary to heat a superheater with the products of combustion developed in heating the'coal in the generator to incandescence, and then fixing the water- 2 5 gas and vapors of hydrocarbon generated in said generator by passing them through the superheater; and it is also customary to produce watengas in one retort or generator, allowing the products of combustion developed in heating up to go to waste and then carbureting the water-gas in a separate chamber and fixing the carbureted water-gas in separate sets of retorts or chambers. The former process necessitates the gas being carbureted in 5 the generator or bottom of superheater, and is objectionable for obvious reasons, among which may be said the clogging of the generator and the production of lamp-black, destroying the fixing capacity of the superheater, 40 while thelatter process is defectivein that the separately-heated retorts must'be heated by external combustion. In addition to these defects the necessity of an additional furnace or set of furnaces, and their fires of high temperature, is a great expense, particularly so as they must still burn while the generator is heating, and when no water-gas is being generated, or they lose their fixing capacity. By my improved process I am enabled to overcome all of these objectionable features, for I utilize the waste heat developed" in raising the coal-in the generator to incandescence, in heating up a superheater heated by internal combustion, and then vaporize the hydrocarbons -and intimately mix them with the water-gas in a separate retort not requiring a high degree of heat, and finally-fix the carbureted water-gas so produced by passing it through this internally-heated superheater, and thereby keep the flre in the generator clean, fully carburet the water-gas, perfectly fix the same, preventing condensation and the production of lamp-black.

The object of my invention is to utilize the heat and combustibility of the gases generated in heating up the coal-bed of the generator to heat the fixing-chamber, which is subsequently used to fix carbureted watergas which has been carbureted in an auxiliary vaporizingretort. V

In the drawings, Figure l is an elevation of gas apparatus embodying my improvements, and Fig. 2 is a plan of same.

A is the generator, and is supplied with the usual blast-pipe, K, and steam-pipe L.

B is the fixing-chamber, and may be filled with brick-workin the usual manner. It is connected with the generator A by a flue, M, and is provided at the top with a valved chim hey-outlet, G, and a flue, O, to the washer or seal D. Air is admitted to the bottom of the fixing-chamber B by a blast-pipe, K. The seal D is made in the usual manner with a water seal or valve, H, which closes or opens the bottom of the pipe or flue O.

I is the flue for the carbureted and fixed gas to pass to the distributing-holder, and which gas may first pass through the purifiers.

C is an auxiliary gas-holder of small capacity, and is connected with the generator A by a flue, E, provided with a valve, E. This holder is also connected with the retorts of a vapor "izer. F, by flue N, into which oil is admitted by pipes J, and which retorts are heated by an auxiliary fire. A flue, P, having a valve,

P, conveys the gases from vaporizer F to the bottom of the fixing-chamber B. If desired, a valve, E", may be placed in flue M, connecting by air from pipe K in the fixing-chamber B,

the generator A with fixing-chamber B, to allow the generation of water-gas in generator A, and fixing ot' the carbureted water-gas from vaporizer F to be carried on simultaneously.

The operation is as follows: Valves E, P, and H being closed and the valve G open, air is blown into the bottom of the generator A by pipe K, and the products are fully burned and the resulting products of combustion are allowed to pass into the air by chimney-valve G. \Vhen the coal in generator A is red, air is shut off, valve G closed, and valve E opened. Steam is then admitted to the generator by pipe L, and is decomposed by the carbon forming carbonic oxide and hydrogen with some carbonic acid. This water-gas passesinto the holder 0. \Vhen the coal-bed becomes too cold to decompose the stean1,it is shut off and valve E closed and valves H and I opened. The generator A is now practically cut out from the apparatus so far as any chemical or physical effect is concerned. Now the pressure exerted by the holder C forces the gas through the vaporizing-retoris F, into which oil is allowed to pass by pipes J, and becomes vaporized, and thereby becomes mixed with the water-gas passing from the holder 0 through the retort. The mixture thus formed is carbureted water-gas, and is passed by pipe P to the fixing-chamber B, where it is made a fixed gas, which then passes by fine 0 through the seal D to the distributing-holder. Now,

if a valve, E be placed in the flue M, the generation of water-gas in generator A'and fixing of the carbureted water-gas in chamber B may be carried on simultaneously.

I do not limit myself to any particular form or construction of apparatus, as it may be modified in various ways without departing from my invention.

Having now described myinvention, whatI claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination of generator A, having steam and air pipes, fixing-chamber B, having chimney-valve G, seal D, flurs M and O, valved flue E, oil-vaporizer F, and flue P, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. The combination of generator A, having steam and air pipes, fixing-chamber B, having chimney-valve G, seal D, flues M and O, valved flue E, auxiliary holder 0, pipeN, oilvaporizer F, and fiue P, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. The combination of generator A, having steam and air pipes, fixing-chamber B, having chimney-valve G, seal D, fiues M and O, valve E, valved flue E, oil-vaporizer F, and flue P, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

4. The combination of a generator having air and steam pipes, a fixing chamber, a valved chimney-flue and water-sealed gas-outlet from said fixing-chamber, a flue connecting said fixing-chamber with said generator, a carburetor or oil-vaporizer, and lines connecting said carburetor with said generator and said fixing-ehamlier, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony of which invention I hereunto set my hand.

ARTHUR O. GRANGER.

\Vitnesses:

R. S. CHILD, J r., FRANCIS T. CHAMBERS. 

